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Calendar of Events

A Comprehensive Guide to Śrī Vṛndāvana Dhāma


Overview

Religious festivals in India are a time for celebration and purification. People will often fast to become purified. The temples are decorated and sumptuous foodstuffs are offered to the deities.

Brijabasi Dance-Drama
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Brijabasi Dance-Drama

Holidays and festivals normally follow the Indian lunar (Vikramaditya) calendar, and therefore each year they fall on a different day of the Western or solar calendar. A few festivals fall on a solar day, such as Makara Sankranti, which falls on the 14th of January. The normal Indian calendar is based on lunar months, which begin with the full moon. This system is 57 or 58 years ahead of the Christian calendar.

In Braja they use the punimanta system, where the months ends on the full Moon day (purnima). In the South Indian system the month ends on the new Moon day (amavasya). The year actually begins on the first day of the dark half of Chaitra (Shukla Paksha).

Sometimes calendars will indicate two difference dates for the same festival. This is because there is a Vaishnava and a Smarta calendar. The Vaishnava date will usually be one day after the Smarta date.

Lunar and Solar Timing

There are twelve lunar (“Moon”) months in a year. A lunar month is calculated by the time it takes the Moon to travel through all twelve signs of the zodiac, or from full Moon to full Moon. The Moon is the fastest moving planet. A solar (“Sun”) month lasts thirty to thirty-one days, and is calculated by the time it takes the Sun to move through one sign of the zodiac.

There are thirty lunar days, or tithis, in a lunar month. The average lunar month lasts twenty-nine days, twelve hours, and forty-four minutes. A tithi is a lunar day. The period extending from the new Moon to the full Moon is called Shukla Paksha, the bright fortnight of the lunar month or the waxing period (when the Moon is getting bigger). It lasts fourteen days. The fifteenth tithi is called Purnima, full moon. The period that extends from the full Moon to the new Moon is called Krishna Paksha, the dark fortnight of the lunar month or the waning period (when the Moon is getting smaller), and it also last fourteen days. The thirtieth tithi is called Amavasya, the new or dark Moon. The first day of Krishna Paksha is the first day after the full Moon. This is the first day of the month by the North Indian system, which is the system that Gaudiya Vaishnavas use.

The fourteen names for lunar days are listed below. They are used both for dark and bright halves of the lunar month. Since the fourteen names are used for both halves of the lunar month, each tithi is also labeled with “Shukla” or “Krishna.” Shukla Pratipat for the first day of the bright half of the month, and Krishna Pratipat for the first day of the dark half of the month. When the Moon waxes, it becomes fuller, and when it wanes, it becomes dark. Therefore the period of the waxing Moon happens when the Moon grows from new Moon to full moon. Similarly, the period of the waning Moon takes place when the full moon gradually shrinks to the new moon.

The lunar year lasts about 354 days, and the sidereal year lasts about 365 days, 6 hours. Because there is a difference between the two years, the lunar calendar adds a thirteenth month every thirty months to make sure the months stay the same as the seasons. This extra month is known as Adhika-masa.

Tithis (Days)

  1. Pratipat
  2. Dwitiya
  3. Tritiya
  4. Chaturthi
  5. Panchami
  6. Shashthi
  7. Saptami
  8. Ashtami
  9. Navami
  10. Dashami
  11. Ekadashi
  12. Dwadasi
  13. Trayodashi
  14. Chaturdashi

Months

The Indian lunar months and the western equivalents (Indian Calendar)

Boat Festival
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Boat Festival

Event Calender for 2004

Dates are listed baccording to whether the "tithi" or day occurs during the bright or dark half of the Lunar Month. The number indicating the number of the tithi.

Chaitra (March/April)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

New Year day of Vikramaditya Era.

Vaisakha (April/May)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

This is the day when the lotus feet of Banke Bihari are seen. This is the only day of the years when it is possible to see the feet of the Deity of Banke Bihari. Large crowds of people come on this day to the Banke Bihari Temple.

In the many other temples in Vrindavana, the Deities are decorated with sandalwood paste, including the Krishna Balarama Mandir and Radha Damodara Temple. On this day the dress of Radha-Raman is made completely of sandalwood paste.

Chandan Yatra
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Chandan Yatra


At the Garuda Govinda temple, the 12-handed Deity of Govinda is seen mounted on His bird carrier, Garuda. Many people do circumambulation of Mathura and Vrindavan on this day.

Sri Krishna’s Water and Swing Pastimes. Ban Bihar or circumambulation of Mathura at night. Srinivasa Acarya Appearance. Madhavendra Puri Appearance.

Jyaistha (May-June)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Asadha (June-July)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Sanatana Gosvami Disappearance. He left his body on Guru Purnima, at Manasa Ganga, on the full moon day in the month of Asadha, in 1558. Celebrated at Chakreswar Mahadeva temple where he left his body and at Madana-Mohan Temple.

Beginning of Caturmasya vrata, if beginning on purnima (the full Moon). Vaishnavas do not eat spinach this month.

Sravana (July-August)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Many temples decorate the Deities with special dresses and decorations during this month. Vaishnavas do not eat spinach this month while observing caturmasya. During this month there is special worship of Shanichar (Saturn) on Saturdays at the temple in Kokilavana, near Nandagram.

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

This is one of the biggest festivals of the year and Vrindavana is very crowded at this time. Often the swings are gold and silver. Some of the main temples that this festival is celebrated at are the Banke Bihari Temple and the Radha-Raman Temple in Vrindavana, the Dwarkadish temple in Mathura, and the Larily Lal Temple in Varsana. Hariyali Teej is a major swing day at Banke Bihari Temple.

Jhulan-Swing Festival
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Jhulan-Swing Festival

Beginning of the rainy season and Deities wear green.

Raksha Bandhan It is said that during a battle between the demigods and demons the demigods lost their heavenly kingdom. Then the consort of Indra tied a Rakhi on his wrist and because of this the demigods were able to win back their kingdom.

During this festival a sister ties a Rakhi, which is a handspun cotton (or silk) thread dyed yellow with turmeric, around the wrist of her brother. The brother then gives her presents, and promises to be responsible for her safety. The Rakhi can be given to any one, but is usually given to one’s brother. This celebration symbolizes the protection of women. The person on whose wrist the Rakhi is tied is duty bound to protect the person who ties it on.

Bhadra (Aug-Sept)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Second month of caturmasya. Vaishnavas refrain from eating yogurt.

As part of the celebration devotees fast until 12 midnight, because this is the time Krishna appeared. The temples are decorated and special dresses are usually offered to the Deities. They will also usually have a special public bathing of the Deity of Krishna (called abhishek). The Deity is bathed with various items such as milk, yogurt, ghee, honey, flowers and water from a holy river, such as the Yamuna or the Ganges.

This is usually the most crowded day of the year in Krishna temples. Temples will usually organize plays and dances depicting different pastimes of Lord Krishna. There is a huge arati at 12 midnight in Krishna temples in Vrindavana and Braja.

Appearance Day of A C Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. This is the appearance day of Srila Prabhupada, who is the Founder-Acarya of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. There is a festival held in the morning at the Krishna Balarama Temple. This event is celebrated at some other Gaudiya temples in Vrindavana.

Latha Ka Mela at Ranganatha Temple in Vrindavana. Men try to climb to the top of a 10m (30 ft) greased wooden pole erected near the front gate of the Ranganatha temple to get prizes at the top. Mustard oil is regularly poured down the post to make it very slippery.

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Appearance day of Haridas Goswami is celebrated at Banke Bihari Temple and at Nidhivana.

Bari Yatra is when devotees make vows at Vishram Ghata.

Burhi Lila is when Dan Lila is enacted at Sankari Kori at Varsana.

Asvina (Sept-Oct)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Milk is not drunk this month for Caturmasya.

This is the fortnight when Sraddha Ceremonies are performed. Sraddha is a time when homage is paid to the dead ancestors. These homages are done to make sure there is peace for the departed souls of the ancestors. During the Sraddha period one does not take part in any kind of celebrations and does not make unnecessary purchases.

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Celebrated as Durga puja mainly by Bengalis. It symbolizes victory of good over evil. Durga is the consort of Lord Siva who controls the material energy and punishes the demons. Sri Radha-Raman Rides a Silver Elephant. On this day Radha-Raman comes off the altar and rides on a silver elephant.

Madhvacarya Appearance.

Disappearance of Raghunatha Dasa Gosvami, Raghunatha Bhatta Gosvami and Krishnadasa Kaviraja Gosvami.

Sri Lakshmi Puja Krishna-lila plays are performed throughout Braja. On this day Brijabasis put a pot of sweet rice on the roof overnight. In the morning it is considered to be amrita (nectar).

Kartika (October-November)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

This is a very special month in Vrindavana. Every night, lamps are offered to the Deities in many temples. This month is known as the month of Damodara. There is a special program of temple worship of the Lord in His Damodara form. “Damodara” refers to Krishna’s being bound with rope by His mother, Yasoda. Urja-vrata is observed in the month of Kartika.

Vaishnavas do not eat urad dahl and masura dahl this month.

On this night thousands of lights are lit on Govardhana Hill. Especially lit up is Manasi Ganga in the town of Govardhana. Worship of Lakshmi in people’s homes. This festival is also associated with Laksmi because it is believed that wealth (Lakshmi) will not enter one’s house on this day if it is dark. On this day a special puja (worship) is offered to Lakshmi in most people’s homes.

Goverdhana Feast
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Goverdhana Feast

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

On this day Govardhana Hill is worshiped. In most of the temples of Vrindavan and Braja, huge quantities of sumptuous food are prepared for this ceremony and are distributed to the general public. A large hill of prasada (sacred food) is made in many temples.

Devotees circle the hill and then honor the prasada from this hill. Also models of Govardhana Hill are made of cow dung. Govardhana Puja is also known as the Annakuta festival. On this day there is a large stream of visitors to Govardhana Hill. Especially crowded are Manasi Ganga and Jati Pura.

Once Yamaraja, the lord of death, went to the house of his sister, Yamuna, and she served him a delicious meal. Yamaraja was so pleased with her that he stated that anyone who bathes in the Yamuna on this day will be freed from going to the court of death, where sinners are judged. On this day traditionally brothers come with their sisters to take bath in the Yamuna at Visrama Ghata, near which there is a temple of Yamuna (Yami) Dharmaraja (Yama).

End of Caturmasya-vrata if started on Ekadasi. Gaura Kishora Dasa Babaji Disappearance.

Celebration at Imla-tala to commemorate Sri Caitanya’s arrival in Vrindavana.

Celebration of Appearance Day of Nimbarka.

Agrahayana (Nov-Dec)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

11 – Utpanna Ekadasi. On this day a spiced kicheri is offered to the Deities, which continues for one month, for their warmth.

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Pausha (December-January)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fornight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

Magha(Jan-Feb)

Krishna Paksha

Shukla Paksha

Saraswati Puja: Saraswati, the goddess of learning, is worshipped on this day. Appearance Raghunatha dasa Goswami and Vishnupriya, the wife of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

At night the beautiful Vasanti Kamra room in the Shahji Temple is open. The Deities in this temple are brought to this room. The Vasanti Kamra (the yellow room) has a completely yellow decor. This is a very crowded event.

This is the day that Lakshmi appeared from the ocean of nectar.

Disappearance Visvanatha Chakravarti.

Phalguna (Feb-March)

Krishna Paksha (Waning Fortnight)

Shukla Paksha (Waxing Fortnight)

If you go to these festivals you should expect to be totally covered in dye and never to be able to use the clothes that you are wearing again, at least until next year’s festival.

One story about Holi is that Prahlada Maharaja refused to worship his father and wanted to worship his father’s enemy, Lord Vishnu. His father’s sister, Holika, who was immune to being burned, sat with the boy in a big fire, in an attempt to kill the boy. Prahlada’s devotion was so great that Holika was burnt to death and Prahlada was unharmed. Huge bonfires are lit on the eve of Holi, and grains from the new harvest are thrown into the fire.

Holi in Vrindavana. This is the last and most active day, so you better be ready to take part if you are going to go out on the street before 12 noon, after which no dye is allowed to be thrown.

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